Question

Which of the following is a carrier of heredity?
A. Gene
B. DNA
C. Chromosome
D. All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Heredity–Heredity is the sum of all biological processes by which particular characteristics are transmitted from parents to their offspring.
That means it refers to the genetic heritage passed down by our biological parents. That’s why we look like them.In the other words it is the transmission of traits from one generation to the next generation. These traits can be physical like eye colour or blood group or a disease, or it can be behavioural.

Complete answer:
Genes and Chromosomes are the transporters of hereditary material. Chromosomes are structures that look like a thread that are situated inside the nucleus and made up of a single molecule of deoxyribose nucleic acid or DNA and protein. The DNA contains exact instructions or characteristics which passes from the parents to the child and makes each type of living creature exclusive. This structure allows the DNA too firmly wrapped around spool-like proteins which are known as histones. Gene is a sequence of nucleotides that can be found in DNA and RNA and encodes the synthesis of the gene product. The DNA is copied to RNA during the gene expression and the RNA is a straight functional or intermediate template for the protein which does the function. They can obtain a mutation in the arrangements which leads to different variations and are known as alleles in the population.

So, here the right answer is option D “All of the above”.

Additional Information:
The gene contains many elements that are actual protein-coding series and include DNA regions that are not recorded and untranslated sections of the RNA. They need promoter sequence which is acknowledged and restricted by transcription factors that recruit and help RNA polymerase to bind with the region that initiates the transcription. Humans are the most complex creatures and contain one copy of each chromosome which is inherited from both parents which clarifies why children inherit some of their traits from mother and father. The mitochondrial DNA is each time inherited from the female parent and includes some forms of hearing deficiency and diabetes in limited conditions which are related with DNA that can be found in the mitochondria.

Note:
98% of the genetic material is shared by humans with chimpanzees and 90% of that withmice. Every cell in the human body contains a comprehensive copy of the Human genome and contains 23 chromosomes from the mother and 23 from the father which causes diseases that are inherited through genes.
Gregor Mendel invented the basic principles of heredity. Heset the mathematical foundation of the science of genetics through his experiment on garden peas.