Question

Which of the following disorders is caused by autosomal aneuploidy?
A. Down’s syndrome
B. Haemophilia
C.Sickle cell anemia
D.Phenylketonuria
E. Klinefelter’s syndrome

Answer 1

Hint:Autosomal aneuploidy is the abnormality in the chromosome where the chromosomes are either added or deleted these do not involve the sex chromosomes. These abnormalities can either be numerical or structural which are present in some of the cells.

Complete answer:
Hemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disorder. The autosomal recessive disorders are phenylketonuria and sickle cell anemia, the genetic disorder is Klinefelter’s syndrome, in this syndrome the male child is born with an extra X chromosome. This syndrome is called XXY syndrome. Downs syndrome which is also known as trisomy 21, is caused due to abnormal cell division which results in extra genetic material from the chromosome. The symptoms can be hypotonia in newborns or mental retardation. They may have congenital heart defects or immune defects, Alzheimer’s, or leukemia. They may have a flat face, fissures, neck webbing, short or broad hands, etc. most of the aneuploidy has arisen from the errors in the meiosis which is especially in maternal meiosis I.
Hence, the correct option is ‘A’ Down’s syndrome

Note: Down syndrome is one of the most common human conditions which is caused by autosomal aneuploidy where there is an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell that is the abnormal cell division which results in one extra chromosome in the cell. This missing chromosome is a common cause of the genetic disorder. Down's syndrome is generally seen in women.