Question

Which of the following contains both covalent and ionic bonds:
A. $CC{l_4}$
B. $CaC{l_2}$
C. $N{H_4}Cl$
D. ${H_2}O$

Answer 1

Hint:The ionic bonds are formed by transfer of electrons between two atoms where a negative charge anion is formed and a positive charge cation is formed. The covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between the atoms to form the chemical compound.

Complete step by step answer:
The chemical bonding is the formation of chemical bonds between the two atoms which results in the formation of a chemical compound. The chemical bonds keep the atom together in a compound.
Ionic bonds are defined as the bonds which are formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to the other atom. In this one atom loses electrons and other atoms gain electrons. Due to the transfer of electrons negative charge anion and positive charge cation is formed.
Covalent bonds are defined as the bonds which are formed by the sharing of electrons. The compound containing carbon usually shows covalent bonding.
In $CC{l_4}$, the carbon atom is bonded to four chlorine atoms by four covalent bonds by sharing their valence electrons.
In $CaC{l_2}$, the calcium is bonded with two chlorine atoms by an ionic bond. Here the calcium atom transfers its two valence electrons to chlorine by which calcium gains +2 oxidation state $C{a^{ + 2}}$ and chlorine gains -1 oxidation state $C{l^ - }$.
In $N{H_4}Cl$, the nitrogen atom is bonded with four hydrogen by covalent bonds and with the chlorine with ionic bonds.
In ${H_2}O$, the oxygen atom is bonded with two hydrogen atoms by covalent bond.
Thus, $N{H_4}Cl$ contains both covalent and ionic bonds.
Therefore, the correct option is C.

Note:
Don’t get confused as the ammonium chloride is an ionic compound as ammonium has positive charge and chloride is negative charge but bonding is seen between N-H and N-Cl.