Question

Which of the following can not be used for the preparation of vaccines against plaque
A. Heat killed suspensions of virulent bacteria
B. Formalin-inactive suspensions of virulent bacteria
C. Avirulent live bacteria
D. Synthetic capsular polysaccharide material

Answer 1

Hint: Plaque is a rare but serious microorganism infection that's transmitted by fleas. The plague is the bacteria Yersinia pestis. It will unfold through contact with infected fleas. The dead bacterium has been used since 1890. However, they are less effective against plague so that recently live vaccines of associated degree attenuated kind and recombination protein macromolecule vaccines are developed to stop the illness.

Complete answer:
Artificial capsular polyose vaccines are used for the treatment of the respiratory disorder (pneumonia) and infectious diseases (meningitis). Hence, Synthetic capsular polysaccharide material cannot be used for the preparation of vaccination against the plague.

So, the correct answer is B (Synthetic capsular polysaccharide material).

Additional Information: Plague is an associate degree communicable disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. Symptoms include fever, weakness and headache. Typically this begins one to seven days after exposure. There are usually two forms of plague:- Bubonic Plague and Pneumonic Plague

In the bubonic form there is conjointly swelling of lymph nodes, whereas within the septicemic form tissues may turn black and die, and in the pneumonic kind shortness of breath, cough and chest pain may occur. Bubonic and septicemic plague are usually unfolded by flea bites or handling an infected animal. The pneumonic form is usually unfolding between individuals through the air via infectious droplets. Diagnosis is usually done by finding the bacterium in fluid from a lymph node, blood or sputum.

Those at high risk could also be immunized. Those exposed to a case of plague could also be treated with preventive medication. If infected, treatment is with antibiotics and accessory care usually antibiotics embrace a mixture of gentamicin and fluoroquinolone. The danger of death with treatment is about 10% while without it is about 70%.

Note:
Plague is associated with acute microorganism malady that’s usually transmitted to humans by the bites of infected fleas, direct contact with infected animals, or inhalation of infectious metastasis droplets. The plaque has been known as the Center For Disease Control and prevents a category A organism.