Question

Which of the following are produced in the petrochemical industry?
A. Fertilizers and pesticides
B. Resins, adhesives for industries
C. Plastic sheets, plastic form, bowls and baskets, paints
D. All of the above

Answer 1

Hint:Olefins and aromatics are the basis of polymer and oligomers used in plastics, resins, fibers, elastomers, lubricants, gels, solvents, detergents, and adhesives. A lot of products contain petroleum.

Complete Answer:First of all, products obtained from the refining petroleum are known as petrochemical and the industries which carry out such processes are known as petrochemical industries. There are several types of petrochemical compounds formed from petroleum. On the basis of the chemical structure of compounds, petrochemical compounds can be divided into two parts namely olefins and aromatics. Olefins include petrochemicals like Ethene, propane, butane, and butadiene. Oleins are produced by oil refineries via fluid catalytic cracking of petroleum fraction and chemical plants use steam cracking of natural gas liquids to produce olefins. Uses of olefins are as follow:
1. Ethylene and propylene are important sources of industrial chemical and plastic products and on the other hand, Butadiene is used in making synthetic rubber.
2. Aromatics include petrochemicals like Benzene, Toluene and Xylenes. These petrochemicals are primarily obtained from the reformate produced in catalytic reformers using naphtha or we can simply say via catalytic reforming of naphtha. Some industries use the aromatization of alkane to produce aromatics petrochemicals.
Uses of aromatic are as follow:
1. Benzene acts as raw material for goods like dyes and synthetic detergents, a combination of Benzene and Toluene is used to produce polyurethanes, and Xylenes are used in the manufacturing of plastic and synthetic fibers.
2. Synthesis gas is also a petrochemical product. It is used to make ammonia and methanol which later on can be used to manufacture fertilizer and chemical intermediate respectively.

Thus, the correct option is D.

Note: There is a number of related products formed in petrochemical industries. The largest petrochemical industry is located in the USA and Europe. Synthesis gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas.