Question

Which is the soluble RNA among the following?
A) hnRNA
B) rRNA
C) mRNA
D) tRNA

Answer 1

Hint: RNA are found in different forms and perform different functions. hnRNA is the heterogenous nuclear RNA, it forms before processing of RNA. mRNA is the messenger RNA which transfers codons to the ribosomes. rRNA is the ribosomal RNA helps in protein synthesis. tRNA is the transfer RNA that can soluble in salt.

Complete answer:
RNA (ribonucleic acid) is the complex molecule that functions in the synthesis of proteins. They have ribose nucleotides attached to by phosphodiester bond. Uracil (nitrogenous base) replaces thymine in DNA. It is a single stranded biopolymer. The well known structures studied are messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Some other types of RNA are also present such as hnRNA. Different RNAs have different functions. mRNA carries the genetic codes from the DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes. It helps in the process of protein synthesis that is translation.
rRNA and proteins are present in ribosomes. Ribosomes have protein subunits that are encoded by rRNA. These are synthesized in the nucleolus. hnRNA (heterogeneous RNA refers to the large pre – mRNAs various nucleotide sequences.
tRNA is also called an activator or soluble RNA. It has fewer than 100 nucleotides (70 to 90). It has an adaptor end to attach specified amino acids. It is also called sRNA. It is soluble in 1M NaCl that’s why it is also called as soluble RNA.
The non coding rRNA that is (ncRNA) have at least 200 nucleotides. Many small ncRNA are found in the cell.
From the above information we have found that tRNA is the soluble RNA.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Note: Another unique type of RNA is also found that is circular RNA. Its 5’ and 3’ ends are bonded together. They can also act as sponges when bound to the miRNA. It plays an important role in regulating the transcription and alternative splicing of the genes. Mechanism of miRNA can be linked with various diseases such as Alzheimer disease. tRNA also binds to the specialized proteins also known as caspases.