Question

Which is not connected with the autonomic system?
A. Memory and learning
B. Peristalsis
C. Digestion
D. Excretion

Answer 1

Hint: Our system is divided into two parts:- central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system (CNS) is the site where all the processing of information takes place and a command is produced. The brain and the spinal cord constitute the central nervous system. The peripheral nervous system(PNS) consists of all the nerve fibers that carry the signals from different body parts to the central nervous system. Afferent and efferent nerve fibres are the two types of nerve fibres present in our body. The peripheral nervous system is divided into two systems:- somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
Afferent nerve fibres carry the signals from the tissues to the central nervous system whereas efferent nerve fibres carry the responsive signals from the CNS to the peripheral tissues. The PNS is divided into somatic and autonomic neural systems where the somatic neural system is involved in the transmission of signals from CNS to the skeletal muscles and autonomic neural system is involved in transmission of signals from CNS to the involuntary organs and smooth muscles. The autonomic neural system is further subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic neural systems. Parasympathetic neural system works during "rest and digest" conditions whereas the sympathetic system works during "fight and flight" stressful conditions.

Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction of the muscles present in the oesophagus that pushes the food towards the stomach. It is under the control of an autonomic neural system. Digestion and excretion are under the control of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system.
Memory and learning is controlled by the hippocampus region of the brain (CNS).

Thus, the correct answer is option A:- Memory and learning are not connected with the autonomic system.

Note: The somatic nervous system controls all the voluntary movements. The receptors are present in the skin, sense organs and skeletal muscles and are able to detect changes in the environment.