Question

Which is more soluble in water, $ \text{N}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}} $ ​ or methylamine?

Answer 1

Hint: The ability of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance called a solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid, or gaseous solvent is known as solubility. The physical and chemical characteristics of the solute and solvent, as well as temperature, pressure, and the presence of additional chemicals (including variations in pH) in the solution, all influence the solubility of a material. The saturation concentration of a material in a given solvent is the point at which adding more solute does not raise the concentration of the solution and begins to precipitate the excess quantity of solute.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
A hydrogen bond is an electrical attraction between a hydrogen (H) atom covalently linked to a more electronegative atom or group and another electronegative atom containing a single pair of electrons (the hydrogen bond acceptor) (Ac). The solid line signifies a polar covalent link, while the dotted or dashed line denotes the hydrogen bond in such an interacting system. The second-row elements nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), and fluorine (F) are the most common donor and acceptor atoms.
Ammonia has the ability to create hydrogen bonds, therefore $ \text{N}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}} $ is more soluble in water. When hydrogen bonds between water molecules are disrupted, comparable links between water and ammonia molecules can be formed.
Water solubility is higher for molecules that can hydrogen bond with water. Hydrogen atoms are covalently linked to strongly electronegative elements in molecules capable of hydrogen bonding (O, N, F). A substance's polarity is determined by the presence of hydrogen bonding between its molecules. This indicates that the molecules will dissolve in a polar solvent like water.
Hence ammonia is the correct answer.

Note:
Water ( $ {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}\text{O} $ ) is an inorganic, clear, tasteless, odourless, and virtually colourless chemical substance that is the primary ingredient of the Earth's hydrosphere and all known living species' fluids (in which it acts as a solvent). Even though it contains no calories or organic nutrients, it is necessary for all known forms of life. Each of its molecules has one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms linked by covalent bonds, as indicated by its chemical formula $ {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}\text{O} $ .