Question

Which are the natural materials obtained from plants and animals?

Answer 1

Hint: Plants and animals provide us with a variety of natural materials that are very useful for humans. For our livelihoods to sustain we are dependent so much on these naturally occurring assets. Natural material that we obtained from plants and animals includes wood, cotton, silk, leather rubber, etc.

Complete answer:
Wood: It is a porous and fibrous tissue that is found in stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. It is an organic material. It is made up of a natural composite of cellulose fibres that has a strong value of tension and is arranged in a matrix of lignin that resists compression. Wood is a multipurpose asset given by nature to humans. It is used as a fuel, as a construction material, for making tools and weapons, furniture, and paper.

Cotton: Cotton is a natural fibre obtained from the plants of cotton balls. For the cultivation of cotton, you need warm conditions and black soils. In India cotton is cultivated in the states of Maharashtra, Gujrat, Madhya Pradesh, etc.

Silk: Silk is a natural fibre of animal protein whose forms are woven into textiles. This protein fibre is mainly composed of fibroin and is produced by specific insect larvae to form cocoons. The whole process is divided into several steps. The extraction of raw silk begins by cultivating the silkworms on mulberry leaves. Once the pupating of worms begins in their cocoons, they are placed in boiling water to extract long fibres and fed into the spinning reel.

Wool: Wool is a natural fibre that is mainly obtained by shearing fleece from living animals like sheep, goat, camel, etc. Its characteristics like diameter, crimps, and length are important parameters of the wool trait.

Note:
The flowers of cotton balls are yellowish-white in colour which turns red after a couple of days. After some time these flowers change into cotton balls.The process of obtaining silk is called sericulture.The processes involved in making wool are shearing, scouring, sorting and grinding, carding, making yarn and then washing and finishing.