Question

Which are the following are type of human settlement :
a. Scattered
b. Nuclear
c. Linear
d. All of the above

Answer 1

Hint:
Settlements are areas where individuals build their houses. There were early human beings living in trees and caves. It became important to have a permanent home when they started growing crops. When water was abundant and land was fertile, the settlements developed close to the river valleys. Human settlements have become larger with the growth in trade, industry and manufacturing. Settlement flourished near river valleys and cultures grew.

Complete solution:
There are different types of settlements: dispersed settlements, nucleated settlements, and linear settlements.

Now lets see options :
a. Scattered : In a range of landforms, such as the foothill, tableland, and upland regions, a scattered dispersed type of rural settlement is usually found. Yet at the highest elevations, the properly distributed village is situated and represents the rough terrain and pastoral economic life. In architecture, dress, and social customs, the population retains many traditional characteristics and the old market centres are still significant. Wherever physical conditions permit, small plots and houses are cut out of the woods and on the upland pastures. Thus this is the right option.

b. Nuclear : One of the primary types of settlement pattern is a nuclear village or clustered settlement. It is one of the terminology used to describe settlements by geographers and landscape historians.[1] With respect to planned settlements, it is most accurate: its definition is one in which houses cluster around a central church near the village green, even most farmhouses within the entire associated area of land, such as a parish. Other focal points, such as a commercial square, circus, crescent, train station, park or sports stadium, may be replaced depending on culture and venue. this is the right option too.

c. Linear : Buildings along a lane, river, dike, or seacoast comprise the linear form. The agricultural land is distributed behind the houses, except the mountainous areas. The river will provide a water source for people and the opportunity to move and communicate. Roads were established parallel to the river to provide access to inland farmland. In this way, along each lane, a new linear settlement will emerge, parallel to the original riverfront settlement. Thus this is also the right option.

d. All of the above : all the above options are right thus this option is the correct answer.

Hence, the correct answer is option D.

Note:
- The oldest remains of built dwellings were the remains of huts made of mud and branches around 17,000 BC at the site of Ohalo (now underwater) on the edge of the Sea of Galilee.
- The Natufians, also in the Levant, built houses around 10,000 BC. Since the invention of agriculture, remnants of settlements such as villages became even more prevalent.