Question

What is the Red Data Book?

Answer 1

Hint: Red Data Book is a catalog of threatened plants and animals facing the risk of extinction. Threatened species are liable to become extinct if they are not provided with proper habitat, food, and protection.

Complete answer:
IUCN is an international union for the conservation of nature and natural resources which is now known as the World Conservation Union (WCU). It has headquarters at Merges, Switzerland. It maintains a red data book or red list which is a catalog of threatened plants and animals facing a risk of extinction.
The red list has 8 categories of species: Extinct, Extinct in the wild, critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable, lower risk, data deficient, and not evaluated.

Red List Category	Definition
Extinct [EX]	A taxon is extinct when there is no doubt that the last individual has died.
Extinct in the wild [EW]	A taxon is Extinct in the wild when exhaustive surveys, in known and/or expected habitat, have failed to record an individual.
Critically endangered [CR]	The taxon is critically endangered when it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future.
Endangered [E]	A taxon is called endangered when it is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future.
Vulnerable [V]	A taxon is vulnerable when it is not critically endangered but it is facing a high risk of extinction in the medium- term future.
Lower risk [LR]	A taxon is at lower risk when it has been evaluated and does not satisfy the criteria of the critically endangered, endangered, or vulnerable.
Data deficient [DD]	A taxon is denoted as data deficient when there is no adequate information to give a direct or indirect assessment of its risk of extinction.
Not evaluated [NE]	A taxon is not evaluated when it has not been assessed against the above criteria.

Note:
- The Red Data Book was originally called the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation or the RDBRF. It was based on the research conducted between 1961 and 1964 by Russian biologists.
- It is now maintained by the WCU formerly called the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN) which was founded in 1948 with the sole aim of maintaining the record of all the species ever lived.
- IUCN is now known as the World Conservation Union (WCU).