Question

What is primordial Soup?

Answer 1

Hint: The formation of earth about 4.2 million years age and there after the origin of life on earth arise due to several physical, chemical and biological reactions. The emergence of life has been explained by various scientists through different experiments.

Complete answer:
The primordial soup is the set of hypothetical conditions present around 4.0 to 3.7 billion years ago. It is also referred to as the primordial broth or the prebiotic soup. The concept of early formation of life and its development from the non-living physical environment was explained through this theory. Prior to this, it was assumed that life on earth developed spontaneously.
The theory of primordial soup was first proposed by Alexander Oparin in 1924 and John B. S. Haldane in 1929. This theory was put forward as a fundamental aspect to the heterotrophic theory of the origin of life.
The primitive earth surface contained different types of gases and their mixtures and were represented by carbon, hydrogen and water vapors and ammonia. These gases react among themselves to give rise to the most common and basic organic compounds. The term ‘soup’ was first used by Haldane who used it to describe the accumulation of different types of organic materials and water in the primitive earth.
The earth contained a chemically reducing atmosphere. This atmosphere consists of several types of gases and these gases were exposed to energy in various forms and they gave rise to produce simple organic compounds or monomers. These monomers were formed in the aquatic environment which is assumed as the soup. The organic compounds concentrated at various locations such as shorelines, oceanic vents etc. These conditions further transformed into more complex organic polymers. Upon further transformation, these polymers organized to give rise to life in its simplest form.
This theory is also known as Heterotrophic theory or the Heterotrophic origin of life theory or the Oparin-Haldane theory.

Note: The primitive contained a reducing atmosphere which consists of physical and chemical gases and their mixtures. These mixtures reacted among themselves and gave rise to complex types of organic materials. The organic compounds then became concentrated at the aquatic locations and further, life arose from this soup like mixtures or the primordial soup. This theory was put forward by Haldane and Oparin.