Question

What is mineralization?

Answer 1

Hint: Via environmental processes, such as evaporation or degassing, chemical conditions required for mineral formation arise. In addition, the mineral deposition substrate is abiotic (that is, it does not contain organic compounds)/biotic (organic compounds) and there is no influence over the morphology or composition of the crystals.

Complete answer:
Mineralization is the decomposition of soil science, i.e. Oxidation of chemical compounds in organic matter, by which insoluble inorganic forms that may be accessible to plants are released into the nutrients in those compounds.
In soil science, mineralization is the decomposition (i.e. oxidation) in organic matter of chemical compounds by which the nutrients in those compounds are released in soluble inorganic forms which may be accessible to plants. The opposite of immobilization is mineralization.
Mineralization increases the bioavailability of the nutrients, most importantly because of their abundance, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, in the decomposing organic compounds. Whether mineralization or immobilization results from the decomposition of an organic compound depends on its concentration, proportionate to that of the carbon in the organic matter. As a rule of thumb, if the concentration of a particular element exceeds the biosynthesis or storage needs of the decomposer, then it will mineralize.

Additional Information: Decomposition and mineralization are processes that are closely related. Mineralization is a biological process in which soil microorganisms transform elements found in organic substances to water-soluble inorganic states, while decomposition may be due to physical, chemical, or biological processes.
Decomposition is the mechanism by which dead organic compounds, such as carbon dioxide, water, simple sugars, and mineral salts, are broken down into simpler organic or inorganic matter. The system is part of the nutrient cycle and is important for recycling in the biosphere of the finite matter that occupies physical space. Bodies of living organisms, shortly after death, begin to decompose.

Note: Immobilization is the opposite of mineralization, where soil microbes accumulate inorganic nutrients, rendering them unavailable for plant uptake. Nitrate-nitrogen conversion into organic nitrogen is immobilization. It is dominated by soil bacteria and is therefore strongly influenced by soil moisture and/or soil temperature as a biological process.