Question

What is Microbiology?

Answer 1

Hint: Microbiology is the branch of science that deals with the study of microorganisms which can be unicellular, multicellular or acellular. Microbiology covers several sub-disciplines which include virology, mycology, protistology, bacteriology, parasitology and immunology.

Complete answer:
Microbiology contains various microorganisms that are not visible through naked eyes. Eukaryotic microorganisms possess membrane-bound organelles which include organisms like fungi and protists. Eukaryotic microorganisms are those which lack membrane bound organelles which include bacteria and archaea. There are several branches which are included in Microbiology which are included in applied sciences or are divided according to the taxonomy as in the case of virology, bacteriology, mycology, phycology and protozoology.

Microorganisms because various human diseases and some are also responsible for numerous beneficial processes which include industrial fermentation, act as molecular vehicles to transfer DNA to complex organisms such as animals and plants and antibiotic production. Many biotechnological important enzymes are also produced with the help of Microbiology as it helps in understanding the microorganisms. Microbiology helps us to understand the life cycle, reproduction and characteristics of the microorganisms, which we can use to produce various beneficial products. Microbiology also helps us in better understanding of microbial biodegradation or bioremediation of agricultural, industrial and domestic waste. Many molecules like biopolymers, polyesters, polyamides and polysaccharides are produced with the help of microorganisms.

Note: Some researches show that microorganisms could be useful in the treatment of certain chronic diseases like cancer. There are various strains of non-pathogenic clostridia that can replicate and infiltrate within the solid tumors.