Question

What is an ideal dilute solution?

Answer 1

Hint:In the field of chemistry, the word ideal means the situation or a property of a substance which is not realistic, and in reality, if we consider the gases, then ideal gases do not exist, all the real gases show ideal behaviour under certain conditions of temperature and pressure.

Complete step-by-step answer:In order to answer this question we need to understand the definition of ideal solutions. An ideal solution can be defined as a homogeneous mixture of the molecules or particles having the physical properties which corresponds to the quality of the elements.
An ideal dilute solution can be defined as a true solution which is diluted enough so that it could obey Henry's laws which is applicable to each solution. An ideal solution as we discussed is the one which simply obeys the Raoult’s law, which states that the vapour pressure of a solution containing a solvent and solute, is equal to the mole fraction of the solvent times the partial vapour pressure of individual solvents. This law can be mathematically represented as,
\[{{P}_{solution}}={{X}_{solvent.}}{{P}^{o}}_{solvent}\]
Here, the \[{{P}_{solution}}\] signifies the vapour pressure of the solution, and \[{{X}_{solvent}}\] signifies the mole fraction of solvent a \[{{P}^{o}}_{solvent}\] represents the partial pressure of the solvent.
Some of the well-known examples of ideal solutions are, solution of benzene and toluene, n-heptane and n-hexane, bromo benzene and chlorobenzene along with ethyl bromide and ethyl iodide.
And henry's law is the one which states that the solubility of a gas is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas, at constant temperature. It can be mathematically represented as,
$C=k{{P}_{gas}}$
Where, ‘C’ is the solubility of the gas and ‘k’ is the henry’s constant and ‘Pgas’ is the partial pressure of the gas.

Note:The ideal dilute solution is a type of ideal solution which is diluted sufficiently so that it could obey Henry's law.
In general, all the ideal solutions are homogeneous mixtures of solutes and solvent and they necessarily obey Raoult's law.