Question

What causes plant growth?

Answer 1

Hint: The process of the division of the parent cell to produce two or more daughter cells is called a cell division. It is a part of the cell cycle that keeps the cell division in check. It helps in the growth and development of an organism resulting in an increase in its mass and number.

Complete answer:
Growth, reproduction, ability to sense the environment, and suitable response against something all are counted as unique features of living organisms. Some features like metabolism, ability to self-replicate, self-organize, interact and emergence can also be added to the list. The growth of plants occurs by cell division and cell enlargement. The cell enlarges its size before it undergoes division. Plants increase in mass and number is the characteristic of growth. Multicellular organisms grow by cell division. By the process of cell division, the plants tend to grow throughout their life.
All the events that occur in a cell and prepare it for the cell division come under the cell cycle. It is a four-stage process. In gap 1 or G1 stage - cell increase in size, in S stage- copies its DNA that is a synthesis of DNA takes place, in gap 2 or G2 stage - it prepares the cells to divide and in mitosis phase or M stage - cell divides. The process of cell division and cell growth is controlled by certain genes. Cells replicate themselves in an organized manner and step-by-step fashion during the cell cycle and ensure that the dividing cells i.e DNA are copied properly or not, any errors found, pr replication occurs correctly or not.
-The cell division is very important because of the following reasons-
1) For the survival and growth of organisms.
2) Maintaining chromosome numbers.
3) Damaged cells renewable

Note:
In 1835, a German botanist Hugo von Mohl first discovered the cell division. He discovered it in alga Cladophora under the microscope. Cell division consists of various stages: Prophase – the first stage of division. Then chromatin tends to condense to form chromosomes. The second stage is Metaphase – chromosomes arranged at the equatorial plate, then Anaphase – chromosomes arranged at the poles, and lastly Telophase – forms a cell plate in between the cells dividing into two daughter cells.