Question

Viruses that infect bacteria and cause their lysis are called as
A. Lysozymes
B. lipolytic
C. Lytic
D. Lysogenic.

Answer 1

Hint: Bacteriophage is a kind of virus that can infect bacteria and start replicating inside the bacterial cell because the lysis represents the lytic cycle. Viruses infect the host cell and use the cellular machinery to make its own copy and release form the host cell by destroying it.

Complete answer:
Viruses like bacteriophage are obligate parasitic, self replicating, sub microscopic organisms. It can infect the bacteria and show lysis called lytic. Viruses need bacteria or other cells to complete the life cycle and form future progeny. This lytic cycle consist of 4 phase:-
First the virus attaches to the bacterial cell or host cell and then inject viral genetic material into the bacterial cell.
Second, the injected viral genetic material starts to multiply to make a copy of itself of new phage DNA and protein inside the bacterial cells.
Third, it is the maturation phase in which assembling of phage DNA into the protein coat.
Fourth, this stage shows the lysis of the host cell which releases the newly formed infective progeny of the virus.
A. Lysozymes: it is the enzyme which is naturally present or secreted in tears, milk and saliva. It is an antimicrobial agent and degrades the bacteria by acting on the wall of bacteria which is made up of peptidoglycan.
B. Lipolytic :- Lipolytic microbes affect the food product and industrial material which contain facts like butter, fish, meat etc. Some microorganisms are not only capable of decomposing vegetables but also decompose animal fats and release a considerable amount of energy. Lipolytic microbes are aerobic and anaerobic bacteria examples:- Pseudomonas, Clostridium, and mold fungi (Penicillium, Cladosporium, and Aspergillus).
D. lysogenic :- It is one of the type viral reproductive cycles in which bacteriophage genetic material integrated with a hot genome does not form infective new form phage bacteria but it is continuously replicated with the bacterial genome.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Note:
Lytic and lysogenic cycles are the two forms of viral reproductive cycle and both are different in lytic cycle. New phage viruses are formed but in case of lysogenic cycle no new phage viruses are formed. Viral genome may be RNA or DNA in single or double stranded form.