Question

What is an unprecedented growth of population known as?
A) Population density
B) Population control
C) Population distribution
D) Population explosion

Answer 1

Hint: Population increase in the past few years has become the biggest concern all over the globe. Increasing the number of people means more use of resources and less chance for everyone to avail all of these resources. India is the second densely populated country, has this as a major concern.

Complete answer:
In the past, infant and childhood deaths and short life spans used to limit popu­lation growth. But in today’s world, thanks to improved facilities in healthcare, nutrition and sanitation that leads to improving the lifespan of the people in today's time. We can all say that it is the combination of a continuing high birth rate and a low death rate that has created rapid popula­tion increase in many countries all over the world.

It took the entire history of humankind for the population to reach 1 billion in the year 1810. But later it took just 120 years to double the population to 2 billion people (1930) and then 4 billion in 1975 (45 years). The sudden increase in the population is termed a population explosion.

Population explosion refers to the rapid and dramatic rise in world population over the last few hundred years all over the globe. It has become a major issue for developing countries.

The major cause of them are:
1. Increase in the birth rate- Due to lack of control on delivery and unawareness among the poor people the birth rate has increased drastically. Also, the gap between death and birth has gone wide due to better medical and health care facilities.
2. A decrease in infant mortality rate- Mortality rate refers to the number of deaths of infants below the age of 6 months. The death of people has decreased dramatically in the past few years due to better facilities in science and technology.
3. Life growth rate - Earlier the life expectancy of people was around 55-60 years. But due to better and improved medical facilities, proper healthcare, improved diet and awareness have increased the life expectancy of people to 70-75 years.
4. High level of illiteracy- Education of women has been one of the biggest problems of family planning. Less awareness among them causes an increase in the population.

So, the correct answer is option D, Population explosion.

Note:
- Population explosion has a major effect on the environmental resources and on many sectors of the economy. Sudden increases in the population have led to an increase in the demand for job and employment increases. But fewer jobs have left many people unemployed.
- Due to the large population many people have been under the poverty line because of which these people then become deprived of the basic amenities of life.