Question

What type of party system has been evolved in India?
(A) Single-party
(B) Bi-party
(C) Multi-party
(D) Party-less

Answer 1

Hint: We need to know what is a party system and what does each of the given party systems imply. A party system is a system of government formed by political parties in a democratic country. Party systems may be broken down into three broad categories: Single Party System, Bi-party System, and Multi-party system. This classification also discusses the distinctive features that the three systems exhibit.

Complete answer:
Single Party System: Also known as a one-party system, it is a system in which a single political party has the right to form the government. The Soviet Union from 1922–1991 is an example of a single-party system existing in history.
Bi-party System: Also known as a two-party system, it is a system where only two parties or alliances have a chance of forming a majority. They function by being placed on either side of the center. For example, in the United States, the bi-party system exists in which all or nearly all elected officials belong to one of the only two major parties, and third parties have a rare chance of winning any seats in the legislature.
Multi-party system: It is a system in which more than two political parties have the ability to form the government, in coalition/alliance or individually. Examples of countries that have this multi-party system are Brazil, Denmark, India, Indonesia, etc.
From the understanding of the various party systems, it is clear that the party system evolved in the Indian Democracy is the Multi-party system as the definition states that it is a system in which more than two political parties have the ability to form the government, in coalition/alliance or individually. A regional party gains a majority and rules a particular state whereas if a party is elected in more than 4 states, it is called a national party.
So, the correct answer is Option C.

Note: The diversity present in India cannot be represented by one or two parties hence the multi-party system has been evolved and adopted in India. Diversity implies both social and geographical. Indian constitution didn’t provide the making for political parties, it was only through section 29 of RPA 1951 that the word political parties first came into the picture. There is another unusual category called the Party-less system or party-less democracy. Party less democracy is a democracy devoid of political parties and the traditional forms of government are executed in the state.