Question

Two features (i) and (ii) are marked on the given political map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them:
(a)The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in 1927.
(b) The place where Gandhiji organized ‘Satyagraha’ in favour of cotton mill workers in 1918.

Answer 1

Hint: The Indian Independence movement was aimed at ending the British rule in India. These were a series of movements which were held against the British. The last stage of the national movement adopted Gandhi’s policies of non violence, civil disobedience and various other campaigns.

Complete answer: a) The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in 1927: The President of the session was Dr. M.A Ansari. This session passed a resolution against the use of Indian troops in Mesopotamia, Iran and China. During this session young leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru proposed the plan of complete independence. This idea was however defeated and not appreciated by Gandhi. The resolution to boycott the Simon Commission was also taken.
b) The place where Gandhiji organized ‘Satyagraha’ in favour of cotton mill workers in 1918: The Ahmedabad Mill strike took place in 1918. This was initiated by Gandhi who introduced a hunger strike for the first time to negotiate between the owners of the mill and the workers.The workers were demanding an increase in wage of 35%. Gandhi led a peaceful hunger strike which was successful and the workers received whatever they were fighting for.

Note: The form of protests that were undertaken by Mahatma Gandhi was known as ‘satyagraha’. It means holding on to the truth. It is a non-violent civil and political resistance.Gandhiji believed that using this measure would force the opponent to mend their ways.