Question

Two communicable diseases prevalent in developing countries caused by unsafe drinking water and bad sanitization are
A. Acute diarrhoea and cancer
B. Diarrhoea and schistosomiasis
C. Onchocerciasis and leukaemia
D. Rheumatism and malaria

Answer 1

Hint:-With the rise in pollution and mixing of hazardous contaminants in the water gives rise to various diseases and makes a home for various organisms which enters the body by drinking unsafe and unfiltered water.

Complete answer:
Diarrhoea is a disease that occurs due to a virus which usually enters by drinking stale or contaminated water.
It creates digestive problems such as motion sickness and may last 2 to 3 days. In some cases it is also followed by constipation.
It includes symptoms such as:
- Bloating
- Cramps
- Weight loss
- Fever
- Nausea
- Vomiting

It can be diagnosed by
- Medical or family history
- Blood test
- Hydrogen breath test
- Endoscopy
- Physical exam
- Stool test
- Colonoscopy

The other disease which may also be caused due to drinking of contaminated water is Schistosomiasis. It is also known by other names such as snail fever and bilharzia. It is caused by parasitic flatworms schistosomes. It may affect the intestines and urinary tract.
Its symptoms may include :
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea
- Diarrhoea
- Blood in urine
- Fluid in abdomen
- Chills
- Fatigue
- Frequent urination
- Vaginal bleeding
- Skin rash
- Weight loss
- Infertility
- Headache
- Coughing
- Malaise
- Poor appetite
- Learning disability
- it can be diagnosed by
- Identification of eggs in stool
- Antibody detection
- Molecular diagnosis
 - The disease is endemic in about 75 developing countries and mainly affects people living in rural agricultural and urban areas.
- There are two drugs which are mainly used for its treatment . they are:
a. Praziquantel
b. Oxamniquine

Hence option (B) is correct.

Note:- Schistosomiasis can also be caused from snails living in freshwater, hence drinking of pure, boiled and filtered water is very necessary. Without its proper treatment, it can persist for years. Delaying it can lead to further infections and can also cause liver fibrosis.