Question

The urine of a man is very dilute and the quantity of urine is too much and dehydration has started in his body and he is very thirsty by the cause of:
A) Hypersecretion of ADH
B) Hyposecretion of ADH
C) Both [a] and [b]
D) None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: ADH/ Antidiuretic hormone/Vasopressin is a hormone released by hypothalamus. Its main function is to regulate the amount of water in the blood. This in turn also affects the pressure of the blood, the salt to water ratio which is to be maintained for efficient cellular work.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
To put in simpler words, ADH helps in conserving water. `So, in conditions where less ADH is produced or secreted, it will imply that the signal for conservation be not sent to the kidneys. Thus, the kidneys will release the water in urine. This will result in frequent urination, a condition called polyuria.The urine will be colourless and the body will be dehydrated since a great proportion of the water consumed will be released in urine.

In cases where there is a high secretion of ADH by the hypothalamus, It acts on the kidneys for higher retention of water than required. This also causes vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels) which increases blood pressure.

Thus, the correct answer is B: Hyposecretion of ADH


Note: Hyposecretion or less than required secretion of ADH is usually caused due to a disease called DIabetes Insipidus. This has no connection with diabetes mellitus which causes an imbalance in blood sugar levels. It is caused by less insulin production by the pancreas (by Islets of Langerhans).