Question

The thermoregulatory center in higher animals is found in
a. Pituitary
b. Medulla
c. Thalamus
d. Hypothalamus

Answer 1

Hint: Thermoregulation is the state of equilibrium, it is considered as the process, which helps the body to maintains the internal core temperature, so whenever there is a change in temperature, this thermoregulatory system, maintains the homeostasis, by returning back to normal body temperature.

Complete answer:
- The thermoregulatory center is the ability of the organism, to maintain the temperature within the boundaries, it doesn’t alter even if the external temperature changes.
- In any circumstances, if the body is unable to maintain a normal temperature, if it’s above it is called hyperthermia, if it’s below it is called hypothermia
- If the animals able to maintain the temperature without any effect, irrespective of the surroundings, then the animals are considered as homeotherms or warm-blooded animals
- If the internal body temperature is affected by the external surrounding, then they are considered as poikilotherms, they are called as cold-blooded animals
- Most of the higher animals, such as mammals are homeotherms
- In homeotherms, the homeostasis is maintained, and it is under the control of the brain.
- In the brain, the thermoregulatory center is present in the hypothalamus of the brain
- This hypothalamus contains the thermoreceptors, which are sensitive to the body temperature
- At the same time skin also has such receptors, whenever there is a change in temperature, they stimulate and send signals through nerves to the brain, and it gives a response and finally maintains the homeostasis.

Hence, The correct answer is option (D).

Note: The process of control of body temperature is occurred by a negative feedback mechanism, whenever there is an increase in body temperature, sweating occurs results in the cooling effects, decrease in body temperature, shivering occurs where muscle contraction occurs and heat is generated.