Question

The term genome is used for
A) Diploid set of chromosomes
B) Polyploid set of chromosomes
C) Triploid set of chromosomes
D) Haploid set of chromosomes

Answer 1

Hint: Genomics is the study of structure, function and inherited traits of genomes. This type of study is useful to identify and determine the function of genes as well as to understand the evolution of organisms.

Complete answer:
The genome is the complete set of DNA, including all of its genes present in an organism. It refers to the haploid set of chromosomes in each cell of a multicellular organism or any species.
Every living organism consists of a genome. Each genome contains all the inheritable traits of an organism for passing life on to the next generation. It carries all of the biological information that is needed to build and maintain that organism.
Haploid refers to half set of paired chromosomes. In the human genome, the three billion letters or base pairs of DNA, forms the haploid set of 23 chromosome pairs in the human cell.

So, the correct answer is option D: Haploid set of chromosomes

Additional Information: Genomics is the scientific study of an individual’s genes and its connection with one another. This study aims to decipher and understand the entire genetic information of an organism encoded in DNA and other corresponding complements such as RNA, proteins and metabolites.
SOME OF THE IMPORTANT APPLICATIONS OF GENOMICS:
Medical applications
DNA and transgenes are used to make oral plant vaccines in order to stimulate immunity. Precision medicine provides individualized information about the genetic makeup of a patient to coordinate the type of treatment they receive.
Biotechnology applications
Genomics has several applications in the field of bioengineering and synthetic biotechnology. With the help of Mycoplasma genitalium the bacteria called Mycoplasma laboratorium was synthesized.
Social science applications
Genome sequencing is used to analyse the factors that are associated with the conservation of species. For eg., the genetic diversity of a population can be used to predict health and preservation of species.

Note: In 1920, the term genome was coined and defined by the German botanist, Hans Winkler by combining the words GENe and chromosOME.