Question

The technique of chromatography was developed by
A. Wilkins
B. George Gey
C. Tswett
D. Zemicke

Answer 1

Hint: Chromatography is a technique that helps to separate a mixture. This technique is developed by Scientist Mikhali.

Complete answer:
Scientist Mikhail Tswett first developed the chromatography technique in 1906.
Dr. Tswett started his research on plant pigments. He used the liquid-adsorption column chromatography technique. He used calcium carbonate as an adsorbent and petrol ether/ethanol mixture as an eluten and tried to separate chlorophylls and carotenoids.

So, the correct answer is option C, i.e., Tswett.

Additional information:
-Chromatography is a technique that is used to separate a group of similar substances on the basis of differences in certain physical characteristics. A continuous distribution between two phases e.g., the stationary phase and the mobile phase is done. The stationary phase selectively retards the substances relative to the moving phase by means of the number of attractive forces such as van der waals interaction, hydrogen bonds, and dipole moments.
-It appears that chromatography separates the component of a mixed sample with the help of two immiscible phases, moving relative to each other and differing in the ratio of their affinities for different sample components in contact with them.
-One of these phases is the mobile or moving phases consisting of a liquid or a gas passing through the other phase called the stationary phase. The stationary phase is immobile and may consist of either the particles of a solid or a liquid immobilized on them.
-According to the ratio of affinities for solubilities in the two phases, the individual sample component moves with the mobile phase to different positions along with the stationary phase and thus gets separated from each other along with the cores of the mobile phase.
-Hence components with higher affinities for or solubilities in the mobile phase travel further than those with higher affinities for or solubilities in the stationary phase. Therefore, the resulting distribution of sample components along the stationary phase depends on their partition coefficient between the phases.

Note: Chromatography method is classified into many subclasses such as partition chromatography, adsorption chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography, paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, column chromatography, affinity chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography.