Question

The Swadeshi Movement was a direct outcome of the Partition of Bengal in 1905.
a.True
b.False

Answer 1

Hint: The Partition of Bengal took place in 1905 as a result of the "Divide and Rule" policy used by the British government in India. The protests took place in the form of boycotts of British goods to hit their economy.

Complete Step by Step Answer: The Partition of Bengal was an administrative reorganisation of the Bengal Presidency. It was a territorial division of the province. It was announced on 19 July 1905 by Lord Curzon, the then Viceroy of India and implemented on 16 October 1905. The division separated the Muslim majority eastern areas from the Hindu Majority western areas. The main purpose of the decision was to make administration more feasible.
However, historians argue that if that was so, the Hindi speaking areas of Bihar and Odia speaking area should have been separated from the Bengali speaking areas of Bengal. The division was made on religious lines. However, the real motive of Curzon was to weaken the ongoing National movement whose nerve centre was Bengal by disturbing the existing system there and to divide the Hindus and Muslims. The Swadeshi and Boycott movements were therefore initiated against this decision. The Swadeshi movement is considered to be one of the most successful movements in pre-independence India since the force by which it was taken forward made the British Government reverse their decision of partition in 1911.
Therefore the statement is True. Under the Swadeshi movement, large scale demonstrations were held where foreign clothes and goods were boycotted and people were encouraged to buy and use Indian made products.

Note: It was after the success of the British goods in Bengal that the Home Rule League was established.