Question

The scientific process by which crop plants are enriched with certain desirable nutrients called?
A) crop protection
B) Breeding
C) bio-fortification
D) bio-remediation.

Answer 1

Hint: Three billion people suffer from micronutrients, protein, and vitamin deficiencies or hidden hunger because they cannot afford to buy enough fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish, and meat. Micronutrients like iron particularly, vitamin A, iodine, and zinc are essential and are lacking in the diet.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Biofortification is the process of breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins and minerals or higher protein and healthier fats- is the most practical means to improve health. Breeding is done to improve nutritional quality and is done with the objectives of improving protein content and quality, oil content and quality, vitamin content, and micronutrient and mineral content.
Additional information In 2000 maize hybrids that had twice the number of amino acids, lysine, and tryptophan, compared to existing maize hybrids were developed. Wheat variety and atlas 66 have a high protein content. So variety and atlas66 are used as a donor for improving cultivated wheat. It has been possible to develop an iron-fortified rice variety containing over five times as much iron as in commonly used varieties. 
Hence the correct answer is option ( C ) bio-fortification.

Note: The Indian institute of agricultural research institute, New Delhi has also released several vegetable crops that are rich in vitamins and minerals, e.g., vitamins. An enriched carrot, spinach, pumpkin, vitamin C enriched bitter gourd, bathua, mustard, tomato; iron and calcium-enriched spinach and bathua and protein enriched beans- broad, labab, French, and garden peas.