Question

The process of a liquid changing into a solid is called :
a.) sublimation
b.) evaporation
c.) precipitation
d.) freezing

Answer 1

Hint: This is the same process by which we convert the water at our homes into ice in the refrigerator. The word is related to the nickname of refrigerator ‘fridge’. The process releases energy and requires the low temperature to occur.

Complete step by step solution:
First, let us start with the different states of matter.
Basically, there are three states of matter.
The first one is the solid-state in which the atoms are tightly packed. The intermolecular distance between the atoms is very less and the intermolecular attraction forces are very high. The ice is the solid form of water.
The second stage is liquid. In this state, the intermolecular spaces between the molecules are somewhat more than that in solid-state and the intermolecular forces of attraction are less than that in solid-state. The water flowing in the sea is in a liquid state.
The third form is the gaseous state. In this state, there are very large intermolecular spaces between the molecules and the intermolecular forces of attraction are very less. The clouds from the gaseous form of water.
These states are interconvertible into each other by the change in energy.
The liquid state of a matter can be converted into its solid-state. This process of conversion is called freezing.
The biggest example of liquid changing into solids is seen in the refrigerators at our home where we keep the liquid and after some hours, it gets converted into ice. This process of liquid changing into solid releases energy as the molecules stop moving in the solid-state. The kinetic energy of molecules in the liquid state has converted some part into potential energy while the other is released in the form of heat.

So, the option (D) is the correct answer.

Note: It must be noted that sublimation is the process of changing solid directly into a gas without converting it into liquid. The evaporation is the process of change of a liquid into a gas and the precipitation is the condensation of water vapours into raindrops.