Question

The presence of a cluster of flagella is termed as
A. Monotrichous
B. Amphitrichous
C. Lophotrichous
D. Peritrichous

Answer 1

Hint: Flagella is defined by the function mainly instead of its structure. It differs greatly.
Flagella may be a microscopic hair-like organelle employed by cells and microorganisms for movement. The word flagella in Latin means whip, a bit like the whipping motion.

Complete step-by-step solution:
Flagellum could be a lash-like limb that distends from the cell body of specific microorganisms and eukaryotic cells named as flagellates can have one or a few flagella. This is a locomotory structure in microorganisms. The number and site of flagella are distinctive for each genus. Flagella is often used for locomotion. There are four types of flagellar arrangement:
1. Monotrichous: a single polar flagellum that can extend from one end of the cell. The arrangement is called Monotrichous. e.g., Vibrio cholera.
2. Amphitrichous: Amphitrichous: a solitary flagellum or numerous flagella that can reach out from both ends of the cell. The arrangement is called Amphitrichous. e.g., Alcaligenes faecalis.
3. Lophotrichous: Several flagella (means tuft or cluster of flagella) can extend from one end or both ends of the cell. The arrangement is called Lophotrichous. e.g., Spirilla.
4. Peritrichous: Multiple flagella could also be randomly distributed over the whole bacterial cell. The arrangement is called Peritrichous. e.g., Typhoid bacilli.
So the correct answer is Lophotrichous, option (C).

Note:- The flagellum is singular while flagella are plural which are frequently used for locomotion. A flagellate could likewise be a cell or organism with at least one whip-like extremities called flagella. Cilia and flagella are cell organelles that are also extraordinary in terms of their length and function. Cilia are available in life forms like paramecium while flagella are regularly found in microscopic organisms and sperm cells.