Question

The pancreas has two types of cells namely islets of langerhans and acinar cells. In the early years of research on diabetes, the exactness of this gland was tested on diabetic patients. Results are tabulated. The correct interpretation is that

	Reduction in blood sugar levels
A.	Extract of pancreas
B.	Islets cell Extract
C.	Acinar cell Extract

A. Anti-diabetic factor present in extract ‘c’ was inactivated by extract ‘A’.
B. Anti-diabetic factor present in ‘A’ was destroyed by ‘B’.
C. Both ‘A’ and ‘C’ destroyed the anti-diabetic factor present in ‘B’.
D. Anti-diabetic factor present ion ‘B’ was destroyed by ‘C’.

Answer 1

Hint: Pancreas: It is a mixer of both Exocrine and Endocrine glands.
Endocrine functions to regulate the blood sugar secreting hormones like insulin and glucagon.
Exocrine gland secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum through the pancreatic duct.

Complete answer:
The pancreas is an organ of the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates.
The pancreas is a mixed exocrine and endocrine gland.
Endocrine gland functions to regulate blood sugar levels, secreting the hormones insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide.
An exocrine gland secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum through pancreatic duct.
This juice contains bicarbonate which neutralizes acid entering into the duodenum from the stomach and digestive enzymes, breaks down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in food entering the duodenum from the stomach.
Pancreas contains two types of cells:
1. Langerhans cells.
2. Acinar cells.
In the early years of research on diabetes, the exactness of this gland was tested on diabetic patients.
The result shows that the extract of the pancreas is unsuccessful to reduce blood sugar level.
The extract contains secretions of both exocrine and endocrine parts that are acinar cells and islets of Langerhans respectively.
Since the extract of the endocrine part which islet of Langerhans is individually capable of reducing sugar level, this shows that some factors from acinar cells are preventing anti-diabetic factors from functioning.

So, the correct option is Anti-diabetic factor present ion ‘B’ was destroyed by ‘C’.

Note: Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of pancreatic islets.
It regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins by promoting the absorption of glucose from the blood into liver, fat, skeletal muscle cells.
High concentration of insulin in the blood inhibits the glucose production and secretion.
It is a hormone which promotes the conversion of small molecules into large molecules inside the cells.