Question

The number of autosomes in human is
A. 46
B. 23
C. 22
D. 44

Answer 1

Hint: The human body is made up of both autosomes and allosomes (sex chromosomes). An autosome is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome, they are helpful in regulating other functions other than sex determination.

Complete answer:
A chromosome is microscopic and is present in each cell's nucleus and in the form of thread-like structures. Each chromosome is composed of DNA that is tightly coiled around special proteins called histones.
An autosome is a chromosome which do not contains sex chromosome. Autosomes chromosome contains sexual determination genes even though they are not sex chromosomes. They are helpful in the regulation of distinct functions other than sex determination. The members of an autosome pair in a diploid cell have the same morphology while those in allosomes or sex chromosome pairs which may have distinct structures. The DNA in the autosome is collectively known as atDNA or auDNA. Each autosome helps in the storage of many genes which does a very unique function in the organism's cells. The distinct cell types in eukaryotic organisms help in the expression of distinct combinations of genes in the appropriate place at the right time resulting in the huge array of cellular functions as in eukaryotes.
Autosomes are also called homologous chromosomes but the chromosomes of the 23rd pair consists of two X chromosomes in females and one X chromosome and one Y chromosome in the men.
Human body contains 23 pair of chromosome, in total there are 46 chromosomes. These chromosomes are present in equal pairs and they can be defined as the thread like structure found inside the nucleus of every cell.
Out of which 22 pairs are autosomes and remaining 1 pair is a sex chromosome. So there will be 44 autosomes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Note: In humans each of the parents contributes to one of their sex chromosomes to their offspring, so that the child gets half of its chromosomes from the mother and half from the father. A chromosome gives the house to the DNA in a cell and contains crucial elements for segregation and replication.