Question

The newly collected specimen which is used as a substitute when the original type material is missing in the herbarium is designated as.
A. Lectotype
B. Holotype
C. Neotype
D. Isotype

Answer 1

Hint:
Before we proceed into the problem, it is important to know the definition of the herbarium.
A herbarium is a collection of preserved plants that can be used for historical, scientific, or educational purposes. It should not be confused with a botanical garden, which is an open-air area that contains living plants and other flora. A herbarium typically includes both live and dead specimens and can range in size from small personal collections to large land or museum HERBARIUM.

Complete answer:
The word Neotype comes from the Greek word neo, which means "new." When the original sample and its isotype are destroyed, the new sample is assigned a Neotype.
When collecting and naming new or exotic species from a new area, a researcher tags them with various names. This is known as nomenclature. When a researcher discovers a new species and collects a portion of a specimen from it, he or she refers to it as the holotype. Along with the holotype, the researcher collects and names other similar parts from the same specimen as isotypes. Now, if the researcher loses his or her original holotype or isotype, or if both are destroyed, he or she will replace it with a new specimen, which is known as a Neotype.
Therefore, the newly collected specimen which is used as a substitute when the original type material is missing in the herbarium is designated as Neotype.

Option ‘C’ is correct

Note:
When the original type of a species is unavailable, a Neotype is used to describe it. It is a specimen chosen when the holotype is unavailable or has been lost. The process of naming newly discovered species is complicated, and care should be taken.