Question

The municipal councils are set up in ___________.
A. Big Cities
B. Towns
C. Villages
D. Districts

Answer 1

Hint: Article 243-P of Article 243-G of the Indian Constitution defines a city council as a local government which manages or controls a city with a population of approximately one lakh or more. Its functions and responsibilities are identical to those of the Municipal Corporation. The main distinction is that the Municipal Corporation operates metropolitan areas with over 1 million inhabitants.

Complete answer:
A Municipal Council also known as municipality, Nagar Palika, or Nagar Palika Parishad is an Urban Local Body that takes over the administration of a city with a population of 100,000 and above. Municipal councils set key policy goals of the municipality and ensure that they are followed efficiently by the executives. The council adopts the budget and checks the annual financial report of the municipality. Council representatives all serve local residents, so they must have strong ties to the city.
The Municipal council members are elected officials for a term of five years. The town is divided into wards by population, and members are elected separately from each ward. The members elect among themselves a president to preside over and hold meetings. Indian state government employees, including Chief Executive, Town Planning committee, Sanitary and Medical workers, and Education Officer, among many others, are appointed to oversee the council’s administrative affairs, coming from the state public services.

The Nagar Palika is responsible for;
 1. Water supply within the council limits.
 2. Administering and overseeing the function of govt hospitals within the area.
 3. Construction of roads, Street lighting and drainage system.
 4.Fire brigade and control over the safety within the area.
 5. Construction of market places.
 6. Records of births and deaths with the help of hospitals in the area.
 7.Solid waste management.
 8. Maintaining public gardens, parks and playgrounds.
 9. Providing help to unprivileged people within the area.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note:Since the year 1687, with the establishment of Madras Municipal Corporation, and then Calcutta and Bombay Municipal Corporation in 1726, municipal governance in India has existed. Almost all towns in India experienced some sort of municipal government in the early part of the nineteenth century. In 1882, Lord Ripon, the then Viceroy of India, regarded as the Father of Local Self Government, passed a local self-government resolution that guided India's democratic forms of municipal governance.