Question

The main differences in Gram (+)ve and Gram(-)ve bacteria resides in their
A. Cell wall
B. Cell membrane
C. Cytoplasm
D. Flagella

Answer 1

Hint: Bacteria are single-celled microscopic organisms. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, and are found inside the human gut. It is classified as prokaryotes due to the lack of the nucleus. Bacterial cells are enclosed by two protective coverings which are an outer cell wall and an inner cell membrane. To classify bacteria, different types of criteria are used. The Gram stain is an important test used for identification of bacteria.

Complete answer:
Bacteria are the unicellular microorganisms. A few different characteristics are used to identify the bacteria. This organism can be identified by the nature of their cell walls, by their genetic difference, or by their shapes. A bacterium can be identified by using the composition of the cell wall through the Gram Stain test. This test is invented by Hans Christian Gram and the test is called Gram Stain test.
Bacteria can be defined as Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria based on the composition of the cell wall using the Gram Stain test. Gram-positive bacteria possess a cell wall consisting of a thick layer of peptidoglycan, teichoic acid. There is no outer membrane found in Gram (+)ve bacteria. On the other hand, the cell wall of Gram-negative is made up of a comparatively thin layer of peptidoglycan. An outer membrane is present in the Gram (-)ve bacteria. Between the outer membrane and the thin layer of peptidoglycan, space is found which is known as periplasmic space. The outer membrane is composed of lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins. In this test procedure, the Gram (+)ve bacteria takes purple colour in contrast to the Gram (-)ve bacteria takes pink colour.
Cell membrane or plasma membrane can be found in both Gram (+)ve bacteria and Gram (-)ve bacteria. It is a unit membrane located under the cell wall. cell membrane in both cases composed of phospholipids and proteins. The cytoplasm is enclosed by the plasma membrane and the composition of this solution is the same in both types of bacteria. Flagella are rigid protein structures, used for motility.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Note:
A single-celled microorganism, bacteria can be classified by its different criteria. They can be distinguished by the difference in the composition of the cell wall. As the Gram (+)ve bacteria possess a cell wall made up of a thick layer of peptidoglycan without a cell membrane while the Gram (-)ve bacteria’s cell wall is composed of a relatively thin layer of peptidoglycan with a cell membrane.