Question

The living differentiated cell which has lost the capacity to divide can regain the capacity of the division under certain conditions. This phenomenon is called:
A. De-differentiated
B. Differentiated
C. Re-differentiation
D. Regeneration

Answer 1

Hint: The property is usually shown by the cell called stem cells. Their ability to divide again under strenuous conditions is known as totipotency.

Complete step by step answer:
Differentiation is the process by which less specialized cells like stem cells move/ differentiate to form a more specialized form that has a specific function
-Dedifferentiation is the process whereby a completely differentiated and specialized cell regresses to form a simpler cell like a stem cell. Hence, they gain the capacity to divide again.
-The process by which a group of already specialized cells known as de-differentiated cells returns to their original specialized state is known as redifferentiation.
-Regeneration is the process of renewal or restoration of the growth processes to recreate and modify the damaged tissues, limbs, etc.
Hence, the correct answer is option A: De-differentiated

Additional Information
-Regeneration is the mode of reproduction in Platyhelminthes like Planaria. Here, the cut pieces each form separate individuals
-The tail of a lizard that has been removed by autophagy can be regenerated. The limbs of octopus and starfish can also be regenerated
-Redifferentiation is the formation of new or differentiated tissues from a previously differentiated tissue. During the process of regeneration, the cells of the parenchymatous tissue undergo dedifferentiation to form meristematic tissue. The cells are cut off by the meristematic tissue
-Degeneration is an essential phenomenon in the development of organisms. This process is known as apoptosis. Involution of the thymus, loss of webbed fingers and toes, etc. Are some of the examples of apoptosis in humans.

Note: The following are some example of dedifferentiation seen in plants:
1. The formation of the interfascicular cambium.
2. The formation of the cork cambium that is formed from the fully differentiated parenchymatous cells.
3. The formation of callus by culturing the cells of the pith during tissue culture (artificial vegetative propagation).