Question

The jelly-like substance present between the cell membrane and the nucleus is called as:
a) Cytoplasm
b) Ribosome
c) Golgi apparatus
d) All of the above.

Answer 1

Hint: A cell has a cell membrane that allows materials to pass through it. In the centre, it has a nucleus that contains genetic material. In between the cell, there is a part that holds all the organelles in its place.

Complete solution:
The term ‘Cytoplasm’ was given by German scientist Eduard Strasburger for the jelly-like part of a cell between the nucleus and cell membrane in 1882.
The cytoplasm is divided into two parts, namely, Cytosol and Protoplasm.
a) Cytosol is the liquid part of the cytoplasm, which is devoid of organelles.
b) Trophoplasm is the part of the cytoplasm that contains organelles and non-living inclusions (Deutoplasm).
Functions of cytoplasm:
a) Cytoplasm provides shape to the cell.
b) It helps in the permeation of substances from one organelle to another.
c) It assists in metabolic activities.

Additional information:
Ribosomes are granular structures that George Palade first observed in 1953. They are composed of Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins. These are non-membrane bound organelles.
These are the smallest cell organelles present in the cytoplasm of the cell.
There are two types of Ribosomes, namely, Prokaryotic ribosomes and Eukaryotic ribosomes.
a) Prokaryotic ribosomes (70S) occur in the cytoplasm and are associated with the plasma membrane of prokaryotic cells.
b) Eukaryotic ribosomes (80S) occur in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
All prokaryotic and eukaryotic living cells have ribosomes except mammalian RBCs.
Golgi apparatus was observed by Camillo Golgi in 1898. A Golgi apparatus has three parts, namely, Cisternae, Tubules and Vesicles.
Cisternae flat disc-shaped, sac-like structures arranged concentrically around the nucleus.
Tubules are branched and irregular tube-like structures associated with the cisternae.
Vesicles are of two types: Transition vesicle and Mature vesicle.

So, the correct answer is A) Cytoplasm.

Note:

The cytoplasm is the part of the cell that includes all the organelles. Ribosomes and Golgi apparatus are present in the cytoplasm of the cell. The cytosol is the part where organelles are absent.