Question

The jaundice is a physiological liver disease. It is most commonly caused by a
a) Bacterium
b) Virus
c) Both A and B
d) Helminth

Answer 1

Hint: Jaundice is a disease which is caused due to the presence of excess pigment called bilirubin. Jaundice is also caused due to underlying diseases like hepatitis. This agent affects the liver as a result of which inflammation occurs and the functioning is also challenged.

Complete answer:
To solve this question, we must know about the causative agent of jaundice.
Jaundice is mainly caused by the presence of excess bilirubin in our body. Bilirubin is formed due to the breakdown of worn-out RBCs in the liver. This is excreted through the kidney in urine. In case of jaundice, the proper breakdown of RBCs does not take place in the liver. This causes accumulation of bilirubin due to which skin, eyes, and urine turns yellow.
When a person is infected by the virus which causes hepatitis, the liver functioning is impaired as a result of which bilirubin gets accumulated in the body and jaundice occurs. The virus responsible for causing hepatitis affects the liver which inflames the liver and obstructs the bile duct.
The diseases caused by bacteria include tuberculosis, meningitis, diphtheria. The bacterial disease can be treated by the use of antibiotics.
The helminths are the invertebrates. These worms infect the intestine and gastrointestinal tract. Diseases like filariasis are caused by helminths.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Note:
The viruses are very small microorganisms which are even smaller than bacteria. They need a host for its replication. Their body consists of a protein coat or capsid and a genetic material either DNA or RNA which replicates only inside the host humans, animals or plants.