Question

The horizontal distribution of trees is studied in
A. Scarification
B. Stratification
C. Zonation
D. Speciation

Answer 1

Hint: Interdependence of biotic and abiotic components result in a physical structure, which is a feature for each type of ecosystem. In an area, the presence or abundance of a species relies on a number of biotic factors, such as altitude, temperature, and salinity, as well abiotic factors, like predation and competition for the existing food and space.

Complete solution:
Option A. Scarification: It is a procedure that causes a seed coat to be worn out or altered to speed up the germination process. Scarification makes the seed's coat more precious to gas and water. The process is generally used for seeds that consist of a tough husk, which if left under natural conditions would take years to germinate properly.
Option A is not correct.
Option B. Stratification: It refers to the vertical distribution of various species inhabiting different levels. For example, the top vertical strata or layer of a forest is occupied by trees, second by the shrubs and the bottom layers are occupied by the herbs and grasses.
Option B is not correct.
Option C. Zonation: It refers to the patterns that are recognised in a community over a distance, on the basis of distinct fauna and flora found along the area. In an area, the presence or abundance of a species relies on a number of biotic factors, such as altitude, temperature, and salinity, as well abiotic factors, like predation and competition for the existing food and space. This examines the horizontal distribution of trees.
Option C is correct.
Option D. Speciation: Speciation is the creation of a new kind of plant or animal species in the course of evolution. It occurs when a group within a species gets separated from its other members and develops its own unique characteristics.
Option D is not correct.