Question

The fundamental duties of Indian citizens were provided by__________.
A) An amendment of Indian constitution
B) Judgment of supreme court
C) An order issued by the president
D) A legislation adopted by the parliament

Answer 1

Hint: The constitution of the erstwhile USSR inspired the fundamental duties in India.
The socialistic countries, on the contrary, gave equal importance to the fundamental rights and duties of their citizens. The fundamental duties are considered their significance.

Complete answer:
- Earlier, the Indian constitution contained only fundamental rights and not fundamental duties.
- However, In the constitution, they incorporated these duties of the state in the form of directive principles of state policy.
- Later, the fundamental duties of citizens were added to the constitution in 1976.
- The congress party set up the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee, to make recommendations about fundamental duties in 1967.
- Then 42nd constitutional amendment added a new part IV A to the constitution
- The Sardar Swaran Singh committee said to the incorporation of eight fundamental duties in the constitution, the 42nd constitutional amendment act (1976) included ten fundamental duties.
-The fundamental duties of Indian citizens were provided by an amendment of the Indian constitution is the answer.

Hence the correct answer is option ‘A’.

Note: Though this list of fundamental duties has many features and significance, these also faced some criticisms.
i) Although, Indira Gandhi, the prime minister, justified the inclusion of fundamental duties in the constitution and argued that their inclusion would help to strengthen our Indian democracy.
ii) She declares that, ‘the moral values of fundamental duties would be not to smother rights but to establish a democratic balance by making the people conscious of their duties equally as they are conscious of their rights.’