Question

The Earth Summit held in Rio De Janeiro in 1992 was called?
A) To reduce $C{O_2}$ emission and global warming
B) For the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilization of its benefits
C) To assess the threat posed to native species by invasive weeds species
D) For immediate steps to discontinue use of CFCs that were damaging the ozone layer.

Answer 1

Hint: Reo De Janeiro earth summit is also called Rio Conference or Rio summit was held in June 1992. It was the United Nation conference on flora and fauna.

Complete step by step answer: The Earth Summit of Rio De Janeiro was ‘The United Nation Conference On Environment and Development’ held on ${3^{rd}}$ to ${14^{th}}$ in June 1992. The main issue of this conference was environmental and sustainable development. It was organised by the United Nations general assembly. Three major goals were addressed in this convention which included; conservation of biodiversity, i.e. protection, upliftment and scientific management of biodiversity so as to maintain it at its threshold level and derive sustainable benefits for the present and future generation. Total of 105 countries gathered to demonstrate their commitment to sustainable development. The focus of this conference was the state of the global environment and the relationship between economics, science and the environment in a political context.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.

Additional information: In 2012, the United Nation Conference on Sustainable Development was also held in Rio and is called Rio+20 or Rio Earth Summit 2012. It stressed on alternative sources of energy to replace the use of fossil fuels which can reduce the phenomena of rapid climate change and regulate the production of toxic components such as lead in gasoline, or radioactive waste.

Note: World summit on sustainable development was held in 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa. It was mainly held to assess the progress and failure in 10 years since the Rio summit. Their main focus was on poverty, increasing population, depletion of water, food security and on unsustainable energy resources.