Question

The destruction of the biological nature and activity of proteins by heat or chemical agent is called as:
A. dehydration
B. denaturation
C. denitrogenation
D. deamination

Answer 1

Hint: Proteins are one of the types of polymers known by biological polymers which occurs naturally. Amino acids are the building block of amino acids which are connected with each other by peptide bonds.

Complete step by step solution:
The water of hydration is essential to the structure of protein crystals when they are completely dehydrated then the crystalline structure disintegrates.
Destruction of the biological nature and activity of proteins by heat or chemical agent is called denaturation of proteins.
Denaturation is a process in which proteins lose their quaternary, tertiary and secondary structure which is present in their initial state by application of some external force in any compound like strong acid or base, a concentrated inorganic salt, an organic solvent, radiation or heat. If proteins in a living cell are denatured it disturbs the process of cell activity and possibly cell death. Denatured proteins can exhibit a wide range of applications from loss of solubility to communal aggregation.
Denitrogenation process involves in which oxygen is used to wash out the nitrogen contained in lungs after breathing room air, resulting in a larger alveolar oxygen reservoir.
Deamination is generally the process of removal of an amino group from a molecule. Enzymes that catalyse this reaction are known as deaminases. In the human body deamination takes place primarily in the liver but it can also take place in the kidney.

Hence from the above discussion we can clearly say that option B is the correct answer.

Note: Denaturation of proteins can be done by changing the conditions i.e. by physical changes and by introducing any type of chemicals. Most of the denaturation processes are irreversible and can be reversed which can be known as renaturation of protein.