Question

The cyclotron frequency of an electron grating in a magnetic field of \[1\,{\text{T}}\] is approximately:
A. \[28\,{\text{MHz}}\]
B. \[280\,{\text{MHz}}\]
C. \[2.8\,{\text{GHz}}\]
D. \[28\,{\text{GHz}}\]

Answer 1

Hint: We use the cyclotron frequency formula and observe the given information then solve the solution. A cyclone from a flat cylindrical vacuum chamber accelerates charged particles from the core on a spiral road outward.

Complete step by step answer:
Given,
Magnetic field $ = 1T$

For cyclotron,
The frequency is,
\[
  v = \dfrac{{{B_e}}}
{{2\pi {m_e}}} \\
   = \dfrac{{1 \times 1.6 \times {{10}^{ - 19}}}}
{{2\pi \times 9.1 \times {{10}^{ - 31}}}} \\
   = 28 \times {10^9}{\text{Hz}} \\
  {\text{ = 28}}\,{\text{GHz}} \\
\]

Hence, the required answer is \[{\text{28}}\,{\text{GHz}}\]

So, the correct answer is “Option D”.

Additional Information:
Cyclotron: In \[1929 - 30\], at the University of California, Berkeley, a cyclotron is a type of particle accelerator invented by ErnestO'Lawrence and patented in \[1932\]. A cyclone from a flat cylindrical vacuum chamber accelerates charged particles from the core on a spiral road outward. By a static magnetic field, the particles are held in a spiral direction, accelerated by a rapidly changing electrical field (radio frequency). For this innovation, Lawrence won the Nobel Prize for Physics in \[1939\]. Until the \[1950{\text{s}}\] when Cyclotrons had been replaced by the synchrotron, and are still used as a particle beam in physical and nuclear medicine, they have still been the most efficient particle accelerator technology. Lawrence at the University of California, Berkeley, designed the \[{\text{4}}{\text{.67}}\,{\text{m}}\] (\[{\text{184}}\,{\text{in}}\]) synchrocyclotron from \[{\text{1940}}\]
to \[{\text{1946}}\], which was capable of accelerating protons to \[{\text{730}}\] mega electron volts (e.g. mega volts). The largest cyclotron in Vancouver, British Columbia is the \[{\text{17.1}}\,{\text{m}}\] (\[{\text{56}}\,{\text{ft}}\]) multi-magnet TRIUMF Accelerator, capable of generating \[{\text{500}}\,{\text{meV}}\] protons.

Cyclotron frequency: The frequency of a cyclotron or gyro frequency is the frequency of a charged particle moving in a uniform direction perpendicular to the magnetic field B (constant extent and direction).

Note:
A cyclotron is a type of compact particle accelerator generating radioactive isotopes for imaging. The cyclotron accelerates charged particles (protons) to high energy in a magnetic field with stable, non-radioactive isotopes being inserted in.