Question

The “cri – du – chat” syndrome is caused by a change in chromosome structure involving
A. Deletion
B. Duplication
C. Inversion
D. Translocation

Answer 1

Hint: Various enzymes are working in our body to coordinate its functionality. The genetic or chromosomal disorders are passed on to generations when there is a mutation in them. But any change in the enzymes metabolism can affect only the particular generation. But the changes in the chromosomes can be transferred to the next generations.

Step by step answer:Any malfunction in our metabolism or the entry of any foreign material in our body can cause disease. It could be genetic, mental, physical, pathogenic, etc. Various microbes can enter our body and cause diseases like bacteria, virus, fungi, etc. Some of these can be fatal if not treated on time. Some diseases that are communicable to others via contact, air, water, etc are communicable diseases. They can virally spread like Coronavirus.Some of the diseases rather syndromes are caused by some changes in the genetic material or the chromosomes. This can happen due to exposure to UV light, mutagens, etc. Cri – du – chat is the cat’s cry syndrome. It is the 5p minus syndrome. It is related to chromosome 5. The alteration in chromosome 5 will lead to this syndrome.
Option A: Deletion: When the 5 chromosome gets missing or deleted, the cri -du – chat syndrome occurs. The reason for the deletion of 5 chromosomes is still unknown.
Option B: Duplication: When a segment of a chromosome gets doubled or duplicated or repeated twice, this is a duplication disorder like CMT – Charcot – Marie – Tooth is a neurological disorder, it occurs on the duplication of 17 chromosomes.
Option C: Inversion: In Walker – Warburg syndrome, the 9 chromosome gets inverted or rotated, thus causing an alteration in the genetic makeup.
Option D: Translocation: Down syndrome is an example of translocation as it occurs when one chromosome detaches from one part and joins with another chromosome, here the translocated chromosome is 21.
So the answer is option A: Deletion

Note: There is no cure for the cry’s cat syndrome. The child is aimed at physiotherapies to improve the muscle’s strength and speech. This syndrome is usually found in children. The life span of the person with this syndrome is quite good. Genetic counseling is a must for families.