Question

The cell wall of fungi is made up of ___________.
A. Cellulose
B. Pectin
C. Chitin
D. Peptidoglycan

Answer 1

Hint:-A cell wall, just behind the cell nucleus, is a structural barrier covering certain cell types. It can be rugged, elastic and at times, static. It provides both structural support and protection to the cell, and also serves as a tool for filtering. A significant purpose is to serve as pressure vessels, avoiding over-expansion of the cell when water enters.

Complete Answer:-Like plants and mammals, fungi are multicellular eukaryotic organisms. However unlike these other types, fungi consist of filaments called hyphae; their cells, as you can see in the image below are long and thread-like and attached end-to-end. The body of the organism is assigned the unique name mycelium because of this dispersed interaction of their cells, a concept that is applicable to the whole body of any fungus. They shape a large, ordered structure called a sporocarp, or mushroom, when reproductive hyphae are formed. This is only created for the release of spores, and is not the fungi' live, developing part.
Cell wall structure varies between species and can depend on the type of cell and stage of growth. A complex structure that protects the cell from external stress and avoids different symptoms caused by variations in osmotic pressure is the cell wall of fungi. A special function of the fungal cell wall is biosynthesis. They have a difficult cellular structure. The membrane-bound nucleus and the DNA which is wrapped around histone proteins compose the fungus cells.
Besides being filamentous, there are also several nuclei in fungal cells. The cells are coenocytic in the chytrids and zygomycetes, without separation between individual cells. Instead with a cytoplasm lining and large vacuole in the middle, the filaments are long and tubular. Septate, on the other hand, are the ascomycetes and basidiomycetes; their filaments are separated by cellular cross-walls called septa. The arrangement of these septa differs, which is valuable taxonomically.
In their cell walls, the presence of chitin is another trait of fungi. This is a long polymer of carbohydrates that also exists in insects, spiders, and other arthropods' exoskeletons. Chitin provides the thin cells of the fungi with rigidity and structural strength, and makes fresh mushrooms crisp.

From these discussions we can conclude that the cell wall of fungi is made up of chitin.

Therefore the correct answer is option (C).

Note:- Many members of the Fungi kingdom lack flagella, and at all stages of their life cycle, the structures are entirely absent. Chytrids, which produce flagellated gametes, are the only exception. The loss of flagella, therefore is a synapomorphy that unites all the remaining fungal groups. This has had a tremendous effect on fungal biology because it means that motile gametes can not be formed by fungi, and two species must also come into close physical contact to affect sexual reproduction.