Question

The botanical term used for the androecium in a flower of China rose (Hibiscus rosa sinensis) is
(a) Polyadelphous
(b) Monadelphous
(c) Diadelphous
(d) Polyandrous

Answer 1

Hint: Androecium of a flower represents the male gametophyte of a plant. They bear stamens that bear the pollen grains. These stamens can be present singly or they can be fused to form one or more columns.Stamens contain pollen sacs that contain the pollen grains which are the male gametes. A stamen consists of a stalk called the filament and an anther which contains microsporangia or the pollen grains.

Complete answer:
- In a China Rose flower, the filaments are fused together to form a single column and this type of androecium is called monadelphous.
- The filaments of a stamen can also be present singly or fused to form one or more columns.
- When the filaments are fused to form a single compound structure, such a type of androecium is called Monadelphous. - When the filaments are fused to form two different androecious columns, such a type of androecium is called Diadelphous. - When the filaments fuse to form multiple bundles, such a type of androecium is called Polyadelphous. - In some plants, only the anthers are fused and such a flower is said to be synandrous.
- When all the stamens are separated and present singly, it is known as polyandrous.
Since, in a China rose flower all the filaments are fused to form a single column, So, the correct answer is ‘Monadelphous.’

Note: Classification based on number is just one way of classifying stamens. They can also be classified as:
- Epipetalous or epiphyllous based on if they are adherent to the whorls.
- didymous, didynamous, tetradynamous, exerted or included based on the length of the stamen.
- Spiral or whorled on the basis of the pattern in which they are arranged.