Question

The base of the tongue is sensitive to taste
(a) Salty
(b) Sweet
(c) Bitter
(d) Sour

Answer 1

Hint: The sharp and pungent taste which has a similar taste like citrus fruit peel or cranberries. The taste can be caused by the acid reflux in the mouth. The tastes vary according to the various parts of the tongue.

Complete answer:
- Taste buds are present about the circumvallate papilla, fungiform papillae, and foliate papilla.
- Taste buds also are present on the taste bud, the epiglottis, the palatoglossal arches, and therefore the posterior wall of the oropharynx.
- Gustatory receptors detect four main sorts of taste
a) Sweet- tip
b) Sour- middle
c) Salty-anterolateral
d) Bitter-base
- There are supporting cells in taste buds which are elongated columnar cells with dark cytoplasm but lightly- stained nuclei. They form the outer wall of the palate. They need long microvilli that reach from their surfaces into the taste pore.
- Basal cells are present at the bottom of the palate. They act as stem cells for the renewal of taste cells and supporting cells.
- The mucosa on the oral dorsum part is moist and pink and appears velvety thanks to the presence of various papillae. it's thicker than the ventral surface and is adherent to muscle covered by numerous papillae.
- Muscles of the tongue
Intrinsic muscles:
1. Superior longitudinal
2. Inferior longitudinal
3. Transverse
4. Vertical
Extrinsic muscles:
1. Genioglossus
2. Hyoglossus
3. Styloglossus
4. Palatoglossus
So, the right answer is, ‘bitter.’


Note:
- The presence of an upscale network of lymphatic and loose connective tissue within the substance of the tongue is liable for enormous swelling of the tongue in glossitis.
- The tongue performs the subsequent functions: Taste, Speech, Mastication, Deglutition, Barrier function, Jaw development, and Thermal regulation.