Question

The author of “Philosophie Zoologique” is
A. Mendel
B. Darwin and Wallace
C. Lamarck
D. Darwin

Answer 1

Hint: The ’Philosophie zoologique’ is also known as the exposition with regard to the natural history of animals. Two laws that would allow animal species to develop characteristics under the influence of the environment were proposed in the book. Pre-Darwinian theory of evolution was outlined in this book.

Complete answer: The ‘Philosophie zoologique’ is a book authorized by Lamarck. In the book Philosophie zoologique, Lamarck suggested two laws; species may acquire new characteristics from influences in their climate and the acquired character is passed onto the next generation. His first law claimed that using or misusing certain structures of the body in the course of many generations would cause them to expand or shrink. On the other hand, his second law stated that it will inherit any modifications made in this manner. The laws of Lamarck, together, suggest the continuous adaptation of animals to their environment. In Philosophie zoologique, Lamarck gave names to a number of vestigial structures. For example, Olivier's Spalax, which lives underground like a mole and is apparently much less exposed to daylight than a normal mole has totally lost sight in the course of time which is nothing more than the vestiges of the organ.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Note: ILamarck suggested species transmutation ("transformisme"), but did not assume that a common ancestor was shared by all living beings. Rather, he believed that through spontaneous generation, simple forms of life were continually produced.