Question

The ATP synthesized by ATP synthase present in the thylakoid membrane is released towards
A. Stroma
B. Lumen
C. Inner membrane
D. Outer membrane

Answer 1

Hint:
Before we proceed with the problem, it is important to know about ATP synthase.
According to the chemiosmotic hypothesis, the proton gradient that exists between the thylakoid membranes during photosynthesis and the membranes of the mitochondria during respiration is what propels the synthesis of ATPs. This theory regarding ATP synthesis was put forth by Peter Mitchell. ATP synthesis is connected to the creation of the proton gradient and the electron transport chain.

Complete step by step answer:
ATP synthase in plants uses a proton gradient formed in the thylakoid lumen to move across the thylakoid membrane and into the chloroplast stroma to produce ATP during photosynthesis.
The aqueous lumen, the chloroplast's innermost compartment, is enclosed by the thylakoid membrane, which is a component of the stroma.
The chloroplast adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase is located in the thylakoid membrane and produces ATP by using inorganic phosphate and adenosine diphosphate rather than the electrochemical proton gradient produced by light-dependent electron transport.

Option ‘A’ is correct

Note:
When the amount of H⁺ crossing the thylakoid membrane is greater than three times the amount of G required to produce ATP, it is thermodynamically feasible to do so. The movement of three protons through the ATP synthase from the lumen to the stroma is associated with ATP synthesis. ATP synthase uses the protons that enter the matrix to bind ADP and Pi and release ATP. The reversal process that the F1-ATPase catalyzes when it is isolated from mitochondria and decoupled from the proton gradient gives it its name.