Question

The anabolic process of carbohydrates is
A. Glycogenesis
B. Gluconeogenesis
C. Glycolysis
D. Both (a) and (b)

Answer 1

Hint: Anabolic process is a constructive metabolic process where simpler substances are used by the organism to produce complex substances for growth, repair, or storage.

Complete answer:
Glycogenesis is a process of synthesis of glycogen. In this process molecules of glucose are liked to make a chine of glycogen. Glycogenesis takes place in the liver and is activated by insulin as a response mechanism to high levels of glucose.
Gluconeogenesis is the process of metabolism that gives rise to glucose monomers from non carbohydrate carbon substrates. Proteins are broken down to give glucogenic amino acids, lipids are broken down into glycerol and with further metabolic steps these give rise to pyruvate and lactate which can be further converted to glucose. Most of the gluconeogenesis takes place in the liver, in diabetic patients, and cases of prolonged fasting kidney also play a significant role in this process.
Glycolysis is the metabolic process where glucose is converted to pyruvate. This process releases energy in the form of ATP and NADH. Glycolysis is an oxygen-dependent metabolic pathway that can also covert other smaller carbohydrates like fructose and galactose to its intermediates.

So the correct answer is: (a) Glycogenesis

Note: Glycogenesis is under hormonal control of the body. The major control is the varied phosphorylation of glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase which is regulated by enzymes under the control of hormonal activity. The process opposite to glycogenesis is glycogenolysis where glycogen polymer is broken down into monomers of glucose by the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase.