Question

The alkyl group is a group of carbon and hydrogen atoms derived from an alkane molecule by removing one hydrogen atom.
A.True
B.False

Answer 1

Hint:An alkyl group is a group which consists of a free bond, so it could get attached to any desirable molecule through that bond.
The simplest alkyl group is methyl group which has three hydrogens, attached to a carbon atom, and one bond is free.

Complete step by step answer:
As we know that alkanes are simply the compounds having carbons and hydrogens where each carbon has a single bond with other carbons and hydrogens. Alkanes are generally represented by chemical formulas as \[{{C}_{n}}{{H}_{2n+2}}\]. Where n is the number of carbons involved in the chemical structure. The simplest form of alkane is methane which is represented as \[C{{H}_{4}}\]. It is also a greenhouse gas, just like \[C{{O}_{2}}\].
Saturated hydrocarbons can be defined as the hydrocarbons which are having only single covalent bonds between their carbons. It has only three forms,
Linear (which has general formula \[{{C}_{n}}{{H}_{2n+2}}\]) here the carbon atoms are joined with each other in zig-zag or snake like structure.
Branched (which has general formula \[{{C}_{n}}{{H}_{2n+2}}\],\[n\text{ }>\text{ }2\]) here the backbone of carbon splits off in one or more directions
Cyclic (which has general formula \[{{C}_{n}}{{H}_{2n}},\text{ }n\text{ }>\text{ }3\]) here the backbone of carbon is linked so as to form a loop of carbons.
Now we are supposed to derive an alkyl group from, say methane group. We know that the methane group has four hydrogens and one carbon atom. In order to make it alkyl group, we will remove one hydrogen from the structure and then, it will have a free valency. The methyl group could now get attached to any compound through the free valence side of the structure, in other words, it can form a bond with another compound through that free side.
As we have seen, in the given structural representation that removal of a hydrogen from alkane leads to the formation of alkyl. And the statement given in the question, states the same.
Hence the given statement is true. Option A is the correct answer.

Note: Alkyl groups are electron donating, which means they activate the ring and increase the electron cloud density in the benzene ring.
-Alkyl groups could also be termed as nucleophiles, because of the same reason. They will direct the incoming electrophile to the ortho para positions.